Contoh soal dan rumus reported speech (indirect speech). Dalam grammar bahasa Inggris dikenal istilah kalimat tidak langsung. Sebuah sentence pastinya memiliki berbagai ketentuan dalam menggunakannya. Seperti apa ketentuan sentence tersebut ?

Contoh Soal dan Rumus Reported Speech (Indirect Speech)

Contoh Soal dan Rumus Reported Speech (Indirect Speech)

Rumus Reported Speech

Pada artikel kali ini akan dibahas mengenai materi reported speech indirect speech. Mulai dari definisi, kegunaan, rumus dan pola kalimat, contoh kalimat, serta contoh soal beserta jawabannya.

Pengertian

Apa itu indirect speech ? adalah kalimat tidak langsung. Kalimat yang digunakan untuk melaporkan atau menyampaikan kembali kalimat yang telah disampaikan oleh orang lain.
Dengan kata lain, pembicara mengatakan hal yang dikatakan oleh narasumber lain. Kalimat ini berlaku pada semua tenses dan semua bentuk pernyataan, pertanyaan, perintah, dan lain-lain.

Fungsi

Digunakan untuk menyampaikan kembali kalimat yang telah orang lain sampaikan lebih dulu. Kalimat ini bisa berupa kalimat berita, tanya, larangan, perintah, dan lain sebagainya. Sering digunakan pada saat menyampaikan sebuah cerita, pidato, dan semacamnya,

Indirect speech penggunaanya disesuaikan dengan tenses yang digunakan oleh kalimat langsungnya. Biasanya ditandai dengan adanya reporting verb. Penggunannya memiliki beberapa aturan seperti perubahan sudut pandang, keterangan waktu, dan lainnya.

Reporting Verb

Indirect verb adalah kata kerja yang digunakan sebagai penanda digunakkanya kalimat tidak langsung. Misal, she said that ..... .

said
told
asked

Cara Mengubah Direct Menjadi Indirect Speech

1. Ubah sudut pandang subjek

Pengubahan ini dilakukan dengan menyesuaikan subjek pada kalimat langsungnya dan hubungannya dengan orang yang menyampaikan kalimat tidak langsungnnya.

Contoh :

Direct : Anto said, "I am very angry".
Indirect : Anto said that he was very angry.

Kata "I" dirubah menjadi "he" karena pada indirect kita memandang yang telah berbicara adalah dia lk2 Anto.

2. Lihat tenses kalimat langsung

Jika tense dari kalimat induk berupa present maka tidak terjadi perubahan tense.

direct : Andin says, " I'm very beautiful".
indirect : Andin sayas that she is very beautiful.

Jika tense dari kalimat induk berupa past maka harus ada perubahan tense.

direct : Rina said, "I'm very beautiful"
indirect : Rina said that she was very beautiful.

3. Ubah keterangan waktu

Berikut ini beberapa keterangan waktu dan perubahannya ke dalam kalimat tidak langsung.

now -> then/at the time
today -> that day
yesterday -> the day before
the day before yesterday -> two days before
tomorrow -> the next day/the following day
the day after tomorrow -> in two day's time
next week/month/year -> the following week/month/year
last week/month/year -> the previous week/month/year

Contoh :

direct : Sisi said, "I study hard yesterday".
indirect : Sisi said that she studied hard the day before.

Rumus Reported Speech

Penulusuran terkait : direct and indirect speech perbandingan materi lengkap

Pada dasarnya rumusnya hanyalah mengubah tense yang terdapat pada kalimat yang disampaikan. Namun dengan syarat induk kalimat harus past.

1. simple present tense -> simple past tense

direct : He said, "I bring a book".
indirect : He said that he bought a book.

2. present continuous -> past continuous

direct : She said, "My mother is cooking".
indirect : She said that her mother was cooking.

3. simple past tense -> past perfect

direct : They told me, "We visited your home"
indirect : They told me that they had visited my home.

4. present perfect -> past perfect

direct : "I have met her", he told me.
indirect : He told me that he had met her.

5. past perfect -> past perfect

direct : "My brother had driven a car", she said.
indirect : She said that her brother had driven a car.

6. present perfect continuous -> past perfect continuous

direct : He said, "I have been playing game for 2 hours".
indirect : He said that he had been playing game for 2 hours.

7. past continuous -> past perfect continuous

direct : My mother told me, "I was cooking rice".
indirect : My mother told me that she had been cooking rice.

8. present future -> past future

direct : He said, "I will go to school tomorrow".
indirect : He said that he would go to school the next day.

9. future continuous -> past future continuous

direct : She said, "I will be sleeping at 7 P.M".
indirect : She said that she would be sleeping at 7 P.M.

Contoh Reported Speech with Modals

Jika kalimat langsung menggunakan modal mka kalima tidak langsungnya harus mengubah bentuk modalnya.

can -> could
must -> must/had to
have to -> had to
would -> would
could -> could
might -> might

contoh :

direct : She sad, "I can speak English well".
indirect : She said that she could speak English well.

Contoh Soal Reported Sentence

1. Kim says,"I washed my car yesterday". Kim says that ...

a. she washed her car the day before

b. she washes my car yesterday

c. she had washed her car the day before

d. she had washed her car yesterday

2. Kiran told me,"I eat your apple". Kiran told me that ...

a. she eat my apple

b. she ate my apple

c. she eats her apple

d. she ate her apple

3. They told me,"we will go to school". They told me that ...

a. we will went to school

b. they will went to school

c. we would go to school

d. we went to school

4. Kas said,"You must go home now".Kas said that ...

a. I must went home now

b. I had to go home now

c. I must go home than

d. I had to go home that time

5. Min said,"I know your name". Min said that ...

a. He knows my name.

b. He knew my name.

c. He knew your name.

d. He had known my name.

Penutup

Rumus diserta latihan soal reported speech ini semoga banyak memberikan referensi pembelajaran bagi para pembaca sekalian. Untuk materi lain bisa dilihat di laman don-english. Sekian dan terima kasih.